HIKAYAT SULTAN MUGHUL MENGAJARKAN ANAKNYA: DESKRIPSI MANUSKRIP, ALIH AKSARA, DAN ALIH BAHASA DALAM PELESTARIAN SASTRA KLASIK

Abstract

Indonesia possesses a remarkable cultural heritage in the form of ancient manuscripts that preserve collective memory and past knowledge. Yet, their presence is often overlooked and inaccessible to modern society due to linguistic and script barriers. This study conducts a philological investigation of the manuscript Hikayat Sultan Mughul Mengajarkan Anaknya to uncover its intellectual treasures. Employing systematic philological methods including codicological description, transliteration, and translation, the research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach supported by library study. The object of analysis is a digital manuscript from Leiden University, written in Jawi (Arabic-Malay script) and classical Malay. Findings reveal the manuscript’s physical and textual features across 18 codicological aspects, while presenting the text in Latin script and standardized Indonesian (EYD V) without diminishing its original linguistic nuance. Thematically, the text conveys profound educational and philosophical values through Sultan Mughul’s (Raja Astman) counsel to his son, Burhan Al Arifin. These messages emphasize etiquette, principles of just leadership, and generosity as essential qualities for future rulers. Beyond preserving cultural heritage, this study seeks to revitalize classical moral teachings, enabling their relevance and application in contemporary contexts as ethical references for leadership.