MASALAH SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL 1998 KARYA RATNA INDRASWARI IBRAHIM

Abstract

Literature serves as a significant mirror reflecting the myriad social issues prevalent within a society. This study examines the novel 1998 by Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim as a portrayal of Indonesian social realities during the 1998 Reform era. The primary objective is to delineate the manifestations and causal factors of social problems depicted within the text. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology rooted in the sociology of literature, the research analyzed textual data comprising words, phrases, clauses, sentences, dialogues, and narrative passages pertinent to social problems. Data collection involved systematic reading and meticulous note-taking, followed by an analytical process of identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion-drawing, guided by Soekanto's theoretical framework of social problems. The analysis revealed five distinct forms of social problems: crime, family disorganization, youth issues in modern society, violations of social norms, and bureaucratic inefficiencies. Furthermore, three principal causal factors were identified: psychological, cultural, and economic, with psychological factors emerging as the most predominant. These findings affirm that 1998 effectively encapsulates the intricate social challenges of the Reform era, thereby underscoring literature's role as a potent medium for social reflection and critique.