STRUKTUR, KATEGORI, DAN FUNGSI SOSIAL PERTANYAAN TRADISIONAL (RIDDLES) MASYARAKAT NAGARI AUA KUNIANG KECAMATAN PASAMAN KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

Abstract

Traditional riddles represent a significant form of Minangkabau oral literature, serving as a medium for interaction, entertainment, and the transmission of cultural values. However, the prevalence of riddles in Nagari Aua Kuniang, Pasaman District, West Pasaman Regency, is diminishing. This decline is attributed to contemporary societal developments and a lack of familiarity among the younger generation. This study aims to describe the structure, categories, and social functions of traditional riddles within the Nagari Aua Kuniang community. Employing an oral literature research design with a descriptive qualitative methodology, data were collected through literature reviews, field studies, and interviews. During the interview stage, audio and video recordings were made of native riddle speakers in Nagari Aua Kuniang. These recordings were subsequently transcribed and translated into Indonesian. Data analysis proceeded through stages of classification, interpretation, conclusion, and reporting. The research findings indicate that riddle structures manifest in two forms: those with identical questions and answers, and those with non-identical questions and answers. Identified riddle categories include similarities with humans, animals, plants, inanimate objects, and colors. The social functions of riddles encompass intelligence testing and entertainment provision. Consequently, documenting these riddles is crucial for cultural preservation. Furthermore, riddles can be integrated as local content teaching material to cultivate critical thinking skills and introduce oral literature to the younger generation.