Persona: Kajian Bahasa dan Sastra (e-ISSN: 2964-4216) merupakan jurnal ilmiah terbit setiap tiga bulanan yang dikelola oleh tim publikasi Prodi Sastra Indonesia, Departemen Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Negeri Padang. Terbit semenjak 2022, jurnal Persona bertekad menjadi wadah publikasi yang andal bagi peneliti pemula yang meneliti fenomena Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya baik yang bersumber dari naskah kuno hingga Sastra Digital. Saat ini, Persona sudah terindeks Garuda, Google Scholar, Semantik Scholar
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JENIS DAN BENTUK DEIKSIS PERSONA AN DEIKSIS SOSIAL SERTA KONTEKS PENGGUNAANNYA DALAM NOVEL BERGAYA FABEL: STUDI DALAM DUA NOVEL INDONESIA TERPILIH
The personification of animal characters in fable novels makes the use of personal and social deixis interesting to study. This research aims to describe the types and forms of personal deixis and social deixis along with their contexts of use in the novel O by Eka Kurniawan and the novel Dongeng Kucing by Boy Candra. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research data are utterances containing personal and social deixis, with the data sources being the two fable-style novels. The data analysis technique involves identifying personal and social deixis and their usage, validating the data through triangulation by linguists, classifying the data, and interpreting the data. The results show 3.690 personal deixis data with 14 forms, 95 social deixis data from 8 forms, 2.724 personal deixis usage context data with 65 forms, and 86 social deixis usage context data with 10 forms. Based on the context of speech acts, in interlocutors with higher powe r and low solidarity (+K–S), the personal deixis kau and the social deixis bang tend to be used. In interlocutors with higher power and high solidarity (+K+S), the personal deixis aku and the social deixis bang tend to be used. In interlocutors with equal status and low solidarity (=K–S), the personal deixis kau and the social deixis kawan tend to be used. In interlocutors with equal status and high solidarity (=K+S), the personal deixis aku and the social deixis sayang tend to be used. In interlocutors with lower power and low solidarity (–K–S), the personal deixis kau tends to be used. In interlocutors with lower power and high solidarity (–K+S), the personal deixis kau and the social deixis nak tend to be used. The results of this research are expected to be beneficial for the application and development of linguistics, particularly the study of deixis in fable novels.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurfatjriah Wulandari, Ngusman Abdul Manaf (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
TINDAK TUTUR EKSPRESIF DAN STRATEGI BERTUTUR DALAM NOVEL SISI TERGELAP SURGA KARYA BRIAN KHRISNA: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Language serves not only as a tool for communicating information but also as a medium for the speaker’s psychological and emotional expression. This study aims to analyze the types of expressive speech acts and discourse strategies used by the characters in the novel Sisi Tergelap Surga by Brian Khrisna, a work that depicts the dynamics of urban family life after divorce. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using pragmatic content analysis. Data consisting of expressive utterances were collected through the “listen and record” (KORTARA) technique from the novel’s text and then analyzed using Searle’s (1979) speech act theory and Brown & Levinson’s (1987) politeness strategies. The results identified 268 instances of expressive speech acts comprising seven types. The findings indicate that the “Complaining” speech act type dominated with 106 instances (39.55%), reflecting the characters’ psychological burdens and economic conflicts. Additionally, the study also found the use of “Internal Monologue” (BDH) as a unique variant of internal expressivity. Regarding strategies, the characters tended to use the “Bald on Record” strategy in 109 cases (40.67%), indicating that high emotional intensity and close interpersonal relationships override linguistic politeness norms. This study makes an important contribution to understanding how contemporary literary works reflect social reality through specific patterns of speech behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abel Putri, Ermanto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRUKTUR, KATEGORI, DAN FUNGSI SOSIAL PERTANYAAN TRADISIONAL (RIDDLES) MASYARAKAT NAGARI AUA KUNIANG KECAMATAN PASAMAN KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Traditional riddles represent a significant form of Minangkabau oral literature, serving as a medium for interaction, entertainment, and the transmission of cultural values. However, the prevalence of riddles in Nagari Aua Kuniang, Pasaman District, West Pasaman Regency, is diminishing. This decline is attributed to contemporary societal developments and a lack of familiarity among the younger generation. This study aims to describe the structure, categories, and social functions of traditional riddles within the Nagari Aua Kuniang community. Employing an oral literature research design with a descriptive qualitative methodology, data were collected through literature reviews, field studies, and interviews. During the interview stage, audio and video recordings were made of native riddle speakers in Nagari Aua Kuniang. These recordings were subsequently transcribed and translated into Indonesian. Data analysis proceeded through stages of classification, interpretation, conclusion, and reporting. The research findings indicate that riddle structures manifest in two forms: those with identical questions and answers, and those with non-identical questions and answers. Identified riddle categories include similarities with humans, animals, plants, inanimate objects, and colors. The social functions of riddles encompass intelligence testing and entertainment provision. Consequently, documenting these riddles is crucial for cultural preservation. Furthermore, riddles can be integrated as local content teaching material to cultivate critical thinking skills and introduce oral literature to the younger generation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melia Roza, Muhammad Ismail Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRATEGI KESANTUNAN TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM NOVEL HEARTBREAK MOTEL KARYA IKA NATASSA
This study examines politeness strategies in directive speech acts within Ika Natassa's novel, Heartbreak Motel, using a qualitative descriptive method with a pragmatic approach. Data, drawn from dialogue excerpts containing both directive speech acts and politeness strategies, were collected via a read-and-record technique. Analysis, based on Brown and Levinson's speech strategy theory, involved identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion-drawing. Findings indicate four main politeness strategies: direct speech without mitigation, positive politeness (often with mitigation), negative politeness (also with mitigation), and indirect/ambiguous speech. Positive politeness was most dominant, characterized by markers of closeness, solidarity, cooperation, sympathy, humor, and justification. Negative politeness minimized imposition, while ambiguous speech conveyed indirect intentions. Blunt, direct speech was also observed, its politeness influenced by social relationships, closeness, and communication context. In conclusion, politeness strategy selection in Heartbreak Motel reflects speech form and illuminates social relations, power dynamics, social distance, and familiarity between characters.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ulfa Hidayaturahmi, Haris Syukri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
INDIKASI UJARAN KEBENCIAN OLEH WARGANET DALAM KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN TIKTOK @akunissasabyan: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK FORENSIK
This study analyzes indications of hate speech by netizens in the comment section of the TikTok account @akunissasabyan. The research was conducted due to the widespread phenomenon of verbal offenses in the comment sections of public figures on social media, which have escalated into hate speech and legal violations. The aim of this study is to identify the types of hate speech and their causes using a forensic linguistic approach. This study applies a qualitative descriptive method to examine netizen comments. Data collection techniques include the observation method with the technique of sorting and selecting speech indications. Data analysis consists of stages of identification, classification, interpretation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study found 199 instances of hate speech, including: 55 insults, 30 defamations, 43 blasphemies, 4 provocations, 2 incitements, and 24 instances of spreading false news. In addition, types of hate speech causes were also found in 199 cases, including; expressing criticism directly with harsh phrases in 61 cases, driven by emotion in 15 cases, being protective of opinions in 2 cases, intentionally wanting to corner the conversation partner in 106 cases, and making accusations based on suspicion in 15 cases. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide theoretical contributions to the advancement of linguistic science as well as practical implications for understanding patterns of language-related crimes on social media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jingga Khairunnisa, Agustina Agustina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PENGGUNAAN MAKSIM KESANTUNAN BERBAHASADALAM KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN TIKTOK @LISAPRESLEYOFFICIAL
This study describes adherence to and violation of linguistic politeness maxims in the comment section of the TikTok account @lisapresleyofficial, based on Leech's (1993) politeness theory. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research data consist of utterances from netizens' comments on selected high-interaction posts between May and April 2025. Data were collected via observation and note-taking. Analysis involved classifying utterances according to Leech's (1993) six politeness maxims: tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy. The study identified 50 instances of politeness maxim usage: 16 cases of adherence and 34 cases of violation. Adherence included the approbation maxim (10) and sympathy maxim (6). Violations included the approbation maxim (29), modesty maxim (1), and sympathy maxim (4). The generosity and agreement maxims were not found. Violations of the approbation maxim were most dominant, indicating that interactions in the @lisapresleyofficial TikTok comment section often lacked politeness and involved negative judgments in digital communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jihan Ananda Jasril, Siti Ainim Liusti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
POTRET GENERASI SANDWICH DALAM NOVEL DOMPET AYAH SEPATU IBU KARYA J.S. KHAIREN
This study aims to describe the characteristics, background, and impacts of the Sandwich Generation phenomenon represented in the novel Dompet Ayah Sepatu Ibu by J.S. Khairen. A qualitative approach with a descriptive sociology of literature method was employed in this study. Data consisting of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences were collected through reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the characteristics of the Sandwich Generation are reflected in the responsibility toward two generations, the execution of dual roles, and the balancing of family interests. The background of this phenomenon is influenced by economic, demographic, and socio-cultural factors. The identified impacts include financial, health, and social aspects, as well as positive impacts in the form of intergenerational support. This study concludes that the novel Dompet Ayah Sepatu Ibu depicts the Sandwich Generation phenomenon as a reflection of Indonesian social reality. This reality is rich in values of responsibility, sacrifice, and family solidarity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iqbal Maulana, Yenni Hayati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PENGGUNAAN DEIKSIS DALAM NOVEL LILIN KARYA SANIYYAH PUTRI SALSABILA SAID
Deixis is one of the branches of pragmatics that functions to determine referential meaning based on the context of an utterance. The use of deixis in novels plays an important role in helping readers understand the relationships among characters and the meanings conveyed in their utterances. This study aims to describe the use of personal, social, and discourse deixis as well as the speech situation context in the novel Lilin by Saniyyah Putri Salsabila Said. This research employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. The data source consisted of utterances found in the novel Lilin. Data were collected through observation, reading, and note-taking techniques and were analyzed using a pragmatic approach based on the speech situation context, focusing on the dimensions of power and solidarity between speakers and hearers. The findings revealed 1030 instances of deixis, consisting of 848 personal deixis, 120 social deixis, and 62 discourse deixis. Personal deixis was the most dominant type, while social and discourse deixis demonstrated that the choice of address terms and referential expressions was influenced by social relationships and communicative context. These findings indicate that analyzing deixis in conjunction with the speech situation context provides a more comprehensive understanding of language use in literary works and may serve as a reference for future studies in pragmatics and language analysis of literary texts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melani Septiana Dilla, Siti Ainim Liusti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ADVERBIA PENANDA ASPEK DALAM NOVEL TERUSLAH BODOH JANGAN PINTAR KARYA TERE LIYE
Aspect-marking adverbs are one of the linguistic elements that play a role in expressing the duration, completion, experience, or beginning of an event. The presence of aspect-marking adverbs in literary work is important to study because they provide temporal information that supports the development of the plot and the conveyance of meaning. This study aims to describe the types of aspect-marking adverbs found in novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive methods. The data source for this study is the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye, while the research data consists of words or phrases that function as aspect-marking adverbs. Data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques, then analyzed through the stages of identification, classification, and description based on Kridalaksana classification of aspect-marking adverbs. The result of this study show that 630 instance of aspect-marking adverbs were found, consisting of 362 instances of the perfective aspect (telah, sudah, dan pernah), 96 instances of imperfective aspect (masih), 88 instances of the durative aspect (lagi), and 84 instances of inchoative aspect (mulai).
Copyright (c) 2026 Faula Vanesa Hardi, Siti Ainim Liusti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
MASALAH SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL 1998 KARYA RATNA INDRASWARI IBRAHIM
Literature serves as a significant mirror reflecting the myriad social issues prevalent within a society. This study examines the novel 1998 by Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim as a portrayal of Indonesian social realities during the 1998 Reform era. The primary objective is to delineate the manifestations and causal factors of social problems depicted within the text. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology rooted in the sociology of literature, the research analyzed textual data comprising words, phrases, clauses, sentences, dialogues, and narrative passages pertinent to social problems. Data collection involved systematic reading and meticulous note-taking, followed by an analytical process of identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion-drawing, guided by Soekanto's theoretical framework of social problems. The analysis revealed five distinct forms of social problems: crime, family disorganization, youth issues in modern society, violations of social norms, and bureaucratic inefficiencies. Furthermore, three principal causal factors were identified: psychological, cultural, and economic, with psychological factors emerging as the most predominant. These findings affirm that 1998 effectively encapsulates the intricate social challenges of the Reform era, thereby underscoring literature's role as a potent medium for social reflection and critique.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wulandari, Muhammad Ismail Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS DISORGANISASI KELUARGA DALAM NOVEL AKU, KELUARGAKU, TETANGGAKU KARYA DARMAN MOENIR
Family disorganization remains a significant social issue and is frequently represented in literary works, including novels. This study aims to describe the forms, causes, and impacts of family disorganization in Darman Moenir's Aku, Keluargaku, Tetanggaku. This literary research employed a descriptive method. The data consisted of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, narratives, dialogues, and characters' actions representing family disorganization. Data were collected through close reading and note-taking techniques and analyzed by identifying, classifying, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on Soekanto's theory of family disorganization. The findings reveal three forms of family disorganization: broken relationships, empty shell family, and the failure of essential family roles. The causes include incomplete family structure, marital dissolution, ineffective family communication, family crisis, and internal factors. The impacts are reflected in structural and psychosocial consequences. This study shows that family disorganization in the novel Aku, Keluargaku, Tetanggaku is caused not only by internal family conflicts but also by social pressures, including neighbors' interference, prejudice, and gossip, which worsen family relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lidya Putri Maharani, Nurizzati Nurizzati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ABREVIASI PADA KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN @aqeelaaz_ DAN @fattahsyach11 DI MEDIA SOSIAL TIKTOK
This study is motivated by the widespread use of abbreviations and acronyms in the comment sections of the social media platform TikTok as a form of concise, rapid, and expressive communication. The study aims to describe the types of abbreviations and acronyms, as well as their formation processes, within the comment sections of the TikTok accounts @aqeelaaz_ and @fattahsyach11. This is a qualitative study employing a descriptive method. The research data consist of words, phrases, and sentences containing abbreviations and acronyms. The data sources are the comment sections of these two accounts during the period from February to September 2025. Data collection was carried out using the observation method and note-taking technique. The data were analyzed using abbreviation theory (Kridalaksana, 1996) and analysis techniques comprising identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The results reveal a total of 265 instances of abbreviations, consisting of 151 abbreviations and 114 acronyms. The findings indicate that the use of abbreviations and acronyms in TikTok comment sections reflects characteristics of digital communication that prioritize efficiency, speed, creativity, and expressiveness. Beyond serving as a form of linguistic shortening, abbreviations and acronyms also represent an evolution of the Indonesian language within digital community communication, particularly among teenagers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indah Permata Sari, Ermanto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
REPRESENTASI KETIDAKADILAN GENDER TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL KORPUS UTERUS KARYA SASTI GOTAMA: KAJIAN FEMINISME EKSISTENSIAL
The research on gender injustice in Sasti Gotama's novel Korpus Uterus focuses on gender injustice against women. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of gender injustice that occur in the novel as a reflection of the problems faced by women in the real world and to determine the types of resistance carried out by female characters to maintain their own existence. The main data source of this study comes from Sasti Gotama's novel Korpus Uterus, which is analyzed using Simone de Beauvoir's existentialist feminist perspective and analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study show that female characters face gender injustice such as marginalization, subordination, societal stereotypes that limit their movement, and violence against women. The resistance shown by female characters in the novel is by women working, working as intellectual agents, working to achieve social transformation, and rejecting their otherness. Therefore, it is hoped that this study will provide a better understanding of how women can be part of society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lorenza Andesri, Nesa Riska Pangesti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
LANSKAP LINGUISTIK PADA PAPAN IKLAN VISUAL DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI
This study aims to describe language use patterns, linguistic landscape forms, and the functions of language use in visual advertisements in public spaces in the city of Bukittinggi. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach supported by simple quantitative analysis in the form of percentages. The research data consisted of 54 visual advertisements collected through observation and photographic documentation. The data were analyzed based on language use patterns according to Cenoz and Gorter, linguistic landscape forms according to Ben-Rafael et al., and linguistic landscape functions according to Landry and Bourhis. The results show that the monolingual pattern dominates with 29 data points (53.70%), followed by the bilingual pattern with 24 data points (46.3%), and the multilingual pattern with 1 data point (1.85%). Based on form, the linguistic landscape is dominated by bottom-up signs originating from the private sector, while top-down signs originate from government agencies. Based on their functions, all data served an informative function, while an economic function was found in 41 data points (75.92%), a symbolic function in 13 data points (24.07%), and a cultural function in 7 data points (12.96%). These findings indicate that the use of language in visual advertisements in Bukittinggi City serves not only as a medium for conveying information but also as an economic strategy, a symbol of identity, and a representation of local culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fadila Aulia Rachman, Siti Ainim Liusti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS JENIS MAKIAN DALAM KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN TIKTOK @PUTTRIIPADANG
This study aims to describe the types of noun-based profanities used in the comment section of the TikTok account @puttriipadang. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research data consist of linguistic units containing noun-based profanities found in the comments on the @puttriipadang TikTok account, while the data sources are netizens' comments on several posts selected purposively based on high levels of interaction. Data collection was carried out using the observational method, specifically the non-participatory observation technique and the note-taking technique. The data were analyzed using the referential identity method by classifying the noun-based profanities according to their referents, based on the framework proposed by Agustina (2019). The results reveal 37 instances of noun-based profanities categorized into seven groups: body parts (8 instances), animals (2 instances), food (16 instances), places and directions (1 instance), diseases (4 instances), character traits (4 instances), and plants (2 instances). The most dominant category consists of noun-based profanities referring to food. These findings indicate that the use of noun-based profanities on social media utilizes various referents as a means to convey mockery, insults, and negative judgments toward other individuals during digital interactions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sintia Sari, Agustina Agustina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS BENTUK ABREVIASI DALAM KOLOM KOMENTAR AKUN TIKTOK @emilmario: KAJIAN MORFOLOGI
This study aims to describe the forms of abbreviations used in the comment section of the TikTok account @emilmario and to analyze their word-formation processes based on morphological studies. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation and note-taking techniques. The data source consisted of comments posted by TikTok users on the @emilmario account. The results revealed 110 abbreviation data, which were classified into five categories: 82 initialisms, 18 clippings, 5 acronyms, 3 contractions, and 3 letter symbols. Among these categories, initialisms were the most frequently used. The findings indicate that the use of abbreviations in TikTok comments reflects users' tendency to convey messages in a more concise and efficient manner in digital communication. This study is expected to contribute to morphological studies, particularly in understanding the use of abbreviations in digital communication on social media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Maghfirah, Siti Ainim Liusti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
KARAKTERISASI TOKOH SENTRAL DALAM NASKAH HIKAYAT CEKEL WANENGPATI BR 175A: KAJIAN STRUKTURAL
Hikayat Cekel Wanengpati BR 175a is a Malay manuscript housed in the National Library of Indonesia. Previous research has largely focused on philological aspects, neglecting its intrinsic literary elements. This study describes the characterization of the central figures in Hikayat Cekel Wanengpati BR 175a using a structural approach. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research analyzed narrative units from the manuscript depicting characterization. Data, collected through close reading and note-taking, were analyzed by identifying characterization based on Burhan Nurgiyantoro's theory and examining its relationship with the narrative structure. The manuscript features two central characters: Raden Inu Kertapati and Raden Galuh Candra Kirana. Raden Inu Kertapati is characterized as brave, responsible, and humble, while Raden Galuh Candra Kirana is portrayed as faithful, resilient, and compassionate. Their characterization, constructed through dramatic and expository techniques, develops the plot, strengthens conflict, and reinforces themes of struggle, loyalty, and sacrifice. This study strengthens structural analyses of classical Malay manuscripts and expands scholarly discussion of Hikayat Cekel Wanengpati BR 175a beyond its previous philological focus.
Copyright (c) 2026 Apris Wila Sari, Nurizzati Nurizzati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
KELAS SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL DEANA PADA SUATU KETIKA KARYA TITIE SAID
This study analyzes social class in Titie Said's novel Deana pada Suatu Ketika, focusing on Deana, an upper-class woman whose status declines due to HIV/AIDS stigma. The novel reflects Indonesian social stratification, showing that wealth and networks don't always protect against discrimination. The study describes forms, shaping factors, and impacts of social class on characters' lives. Using qualitative descriptive analysis with a sociological approach, primary data from the novel (2004) and secondary sources were inventoried (narrative, dialogue, actions) and analyzed using Max Weber's and Soerjono Soekanto's theories. Results show three social classes—upper, middle, and lower—shaped by economic factors, social status, and networks. HIV/AIDS stigma reduces Deana's social status and mobility despite her wealth, leading to fewer opportunities, altered social standing, and conflicts from discrimination. This study demonstrates that social class is dynamic and vulnerable to stigma. Findings aim to reduce prejudice against marginalized groups and foster an inclusive society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Harmayla Yanti, Zulfadhli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
INDIKASI UJARAN KEBENCIAN WARGANET PADA POSTINGAN AKUN INSTAGRAM @zul.has PASCABENCANA SUMATERA: ANALISIS PRAGMATIK FORENSIK
Social media, a digital communication space, offers freedom of expression often misused through hate speech, particularly following public events like natural disasters. This study observed this phenomenon in the comment section of the Instagram account @zul.has after the Sumatra disaster in late 2025. This research describes the forms of hate speech posted by netizens, using pragmatic-forensic analysis, and analyzes their linguistic indicators based on criminal elements in the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning ITE. This qualitative descriptive study used pragmatic-forensic analysis. Data comprised netizens' comments on nine posts from the @zul.has Instagram account between November 30 and December 15, 2025. Data were collected via observation and note-taking. Analysis involved identification, classification, pragmatic analysis (using Searle's speech act theory and Culpeper's impoliteness strategies), and forensic mapping against criminal elements. The study identified 155 instances of hate speech: insults (72), defamation (13), blasphemy (2), provocation (38), incitement (5), spread of fake news (22), and offensive behavior (3). Insults were most dominant (46.45%), expressed through direct swearing and negative metaphors. Juridical mapping classified 71 instances as minor insults (Article 315 KUHP), 13 as defamation (Article 310 KUHP and Article 27A ITE Law), 2 as blasphemy (Article 156a KUHP), 5 as incitement (Article 160 KUHP), 38 as provocation, and 22 as spreading fake news (Article 28 ITE Law). Additionally, 21 instances did not meet criminal element criteria. This research enriches forensic linguistics studies and promotes prudent language use in digital spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fadilla Putri Wahyuni, Agustina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS DISFORIA GENDER PADA TOKOH SASANA DALAM NOVEL PASUNG JIWA KARYA OKKY MADASARI
This research is motivated by the representation of gender dysphoria experienced by the character Sasana in the novel Pasung Jiwa by Okky Madasari. Gender dysphoria refers to a condition in which an individual experiences a mismatch between their perceived gender identity and their biological sex. This study aims to describe the forms of gender dysphoria, its causal factors, and its impacts on the character Sasana. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a mimetic approach. The data consist of words, phrases, sentences, dialogues, and narrative descriptions related to gender dysphoria in the novel. Data collection techniques include reading, note-taking, and data inventory, followed by analysis based on forms, causal factors, and impacts. The findings show that Sasana’s gender dysphoria is manifested through the desire to possess female physical characteristics and cross-gender behaviors reflected in clothing choices, activities, and social roles. The causal factors include psychosexual and social factors. The impacts experienced by Sasana are social rejection and anxiety. This study indicates that gender dysphoria in Pasung Jiwa is influenced by the interaction of psychological and social factors that shape the character’s gender identity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indah Marcela Putri, Diantri Seprina Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
POTRET KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DALAM NOVEL AKU JUGA INGIN DIANGGAP KARYA WULAN DWI BIRAENG
Child abuse remains a social issue that frequently occurs in society and has become one of the social realities widely represented in literary works. This study aims to reveal the forms of child abuse, the contributing factors, and the impacts experienced by victims in the novel Aku Juga Ingin Dianggap by Wulan Dwi Biraeng. Using a descriptive literary approach, this study examines words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that indicate child abuse. The data source of this research is the novel Aku Juga Ingin Dianggap by Wulan Dwi Biraeng. Data were collected through reading, note-taking, and inventorying data relevant to the research focus. Furthermore, the data were analyzed through the stages of classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that the novel contains two forms of child abuse, namely physical abuse and psychological abuse. The factors contributing to abuse consist of internal and external factors. Meanwhile, the consequences include both physical and psychological impacts. Through the sociology of literature approach, this study demonstrates that the novel portrays child abuse as a representation of a social reality that still occurs within society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabilla Putri Defia, Diantri Seprina Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
INDIKASI LINGUISTIK UNSUR PENGHINAAN DAN PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK PERSONAL DI KOLOM KOMENTAR @lisamarianaaa: ANALISIS PRAGMATIK FORENSIK
Offensive social media utterances are a significant linguistic phenomenon eroding communication ethics and often intersecting with potential criminal offenses. A forensic linguistic investigation is crucial to understand their pragmatic characteristics and relationship with legal statutes. This study characterizes offensive statements in the comment section of @lisamarianaaa's Instagram account and analyzes their potential implications under Article 27A of Law No. 1 of 2024 (ITE Law). Using a qualitative, descriptive approach, the study collected 159 offensive comments from 12 controversial posts between January and July 2025, out of approximately 62,000 comments. Data analysis, integrating Searle's speech act theory and Culpeper's impoliteness theory, revealed 159 offensive comments: 93 insults, 53 defamations, 3 provocations, 6 incitements, and 4 false allegations. Legal mapping against ITE Law No. 1 of 2024 showed 94 comments strongly correlated with Article 27A (attacking honor or reputation through accusation). The remaining 65 comments, while ethically problematic, did not meet criminal offense criteria under the ITE Law. This research expands forensic linguistic studies by mapping verbal aggression on social media to digital criminal offenses, supporting rule of law application in the digital sphere.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vanny Mayhastuti, Agustina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
KONSTRUKSI IDENTITAS KULINER DAN PRESTISE BAHASA: ANALISIS LANSKAP LINGUISTIK PADA PAPAN NAMA USAHA DI JALAN BELIBIS, KOTA PADANG
This study analyzes the linguistic landscape (LL) of culinary business signs on Jalan Belibis, Air Tawar Barat, Padang City. The study addresses two main objectives: (1) to identify the patterns of language combination used on culinary business signs, drawing on the theory of Cenoz and Gorter (2006), and (2) to determine the functions of the linguistic landscape embedded in these signs, based on the theoretical framework of Landry and Bourhis (1997). Research data comprised 76 culinary business signs, collected through observation and photographic documentation. The results indicate that language usage patterns on culinary signs on Jalan Belibis were predominantly monolingual, accounting for 58% (44 data points), followed by bilingual patterns at 38% (29 data points), and multilingual patterns at 4% (3 data points). Regarding specific language combinations, the use of Indonesian (BI) alone was the most dominant (53.94%), followed by the Indonesian-English (BI-BIng) combination at 25.00%, and the Indonesian-Minangkabau (BI-BM) combination at 7.89%. An analysis of sign functions reveals that all signs (100%) served informative and economic purposes, primarily to identify commercial spaces and product types. Concurrently, symbolic functions were observed in 42.11% of the data, representing modernity and the prestige associated with foreign languages (particularly English). Cultural functions were evident in 34.21% of the data, signifying the preservation of Minangkabau ethnic identity as a marker of local cuisine authenticity. The linguistic landscape in this area thus reflects the sociolinguistic dynamics of an urban region where globalization (English), national policy (Indonesian), and local loyalty (Minangkabau) converge.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sarah Junyanti Vefa, Agustina Agustina, Muhammad Adek (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ABREVIASI BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM AKUN @komunitasmarahmarah DI MEDIA SOSIAL X : KAJIAN MORFOLOGI
The widespread use of abbreviations on social media highlights the dynamism and creativity of the Indonesian language in the digital world. This study aims to describe the types and formation processes of Indonesian abbreviations in user tweets on the @komunitasmarahmarah account on the social media platform X. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data sources consisting of tweets containing abbreviated forms. Data were collected through observation and note-taking, then analyzed by identifying the original forms, classifying them based on Kridalaksana’s abbreviation categories, verifying the usage context, and presenting frequency distributions. After analysis, 97 valid abbreviation data points were obtained, consisting of 67 abbreviations (69.07%), 19 acronyms (19.59%), 8 truncations (8.25%), and 3 letter symbols (3.09%). Abbreviations are the most dominant form, encompassing common forms such as ABK and UMKM as well as informal digital forms like ttd and mtr. Acronyms and truncations demonstrate the use of both established forms and digital conversational forms, while letter symbols indicate the use of standard symbols in tweets. These findings underscore the importance of distinguishing between morphological abbreviations, graphic shortening, and informal spelling variations in social media language analysis. This study contributes to strengthening the morphological analysis of the Indonesian language in digital communication spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Helta Bunga Riska, Ermanto Ermanto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
TINDAK TUTUR EKSPRESIF DALAM NOVEL THE LADY ESCORT KARYA KINANTI WP
This study analyzes expressive speech acts as representations of the speaker’s emotions in the novel The Lady Escort by Kinanti WP. The researcher employed a descriptive qualitative approach to identify speech categories based on Searle’s theory and speech strategies according to the Brown and Levinson framework. The data were sourced from dialogues between characters, which the researcher collected through observation and note-taking. The results indicate that the characters tend to use nine expressive categories, with a predominance of expressions of gratitude, apologies, and praise. From a communicative strategy perspective, the use of positive and negative politeness serves as the primary pattern for maintaining social harmony. These findings demonstrate that language choices in literary narratives function as psychological instruments for building relationships between characters. This study contributes to the development of literary pragmatics, particularly regarding the relationship between emotional intent and face-saving tactics in prose texts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mittha Arben, Haris Syukri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PEMATUHAN PRINSIP KESANTUNAN DALAM TINDAK TUTUR EKSPRESIF MEMUJI DI KOLOM KOMENTAR INSTAGRAM @dedimulyadi71
This study examines the use of language on social media as a means of communication and a space for building digital relationships. Expressive speech acts of praise have become a dominant form of communication among netizens, especially in expressing appreciation for public figures. The study describes the types of politeness maxims in expressive speech acts of praise and analyzes the speech situation contexts behind their use. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed, analyzing 94 netizen comments on the Instagram account @dedimulyadi71. Data analysis utilized Leech’s politeness principle theory and the speech situation context theory by Penelope Brown and Stephen Levinson. The findings revealed six types of politeness maxims: approbation maxim (63.83%), sympathy maxim (21.28%), tact maxim (5.32%), generosity maxim (4.26%), agreement maxim (3.19%), and modesty maxim (2.13%). The approbation maxim was the most prevalent, indicating that netizens often express appreciation directly. Three speech situation context patterns were identified: (–K–S) at 74.47%, (–K+S) at 24.47%, and (+K–S) at 1.06%. The dominance of the (–K–S) context shows that praise serves as a politeness strategy in communication without power relations or social closeness. These findings indicate that linguistic politeness is upheld in digital communication through positive utterances.
Copyright (c) 2026 Theresia Novita, Haris Syukri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
TINDAK TUTUR EKSPRESIF DAN STRATEGI BERTUTUR DALAM NOVEL AKU JUGA INGIN DIANGGAP KARYA WULAN DWI BIRAENG
This study analyzes the manifestation of expressive speech acts and politeness strategies in the novel Aku Juga Ingin Dianggap by Wulan Dwi Biraeng. The focus includes classifying forms of expressive acts based on Searle’s theory and mapping speaking strategies from the perspective of Brown and Levinson. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through tapping and note-taking techniques, then processed through stages of identification, classification, and contextual interpretation. Findings indicate that expressive utterances in the novel are dominated by the disclosure of negative emotions, such as hatred, condemnation, and misery, alongside positive expressions of praise and appreciation. In the pragmatic dimension, characters tend to utilize the bald-on-record strategy as the primary communication mode. The preference for this strategy is driven by the close relationship between characters and equal social status during interactions. This study concludes that the selection of direct speaking strategies functions to reinforce the intensity of the speaker's emotions. These results contribute to pragmatic literary studies, specifically in understanding the link between emotional expression, communication strategies, and situational contexts in constructing narrative dynamics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tinatun Anggraini, Haris Syukri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA RIFFATERRE TERHADAP LIRIK LAGU ‘EVAKUASI’ DALAM ALBUM MENARI DENGAN BAYANGAN KARYA HINDIA
This study aims to reveal the implicit meaning in the lyrics of “Evakuasi” by Hindia in the album Menari dengan Bayangan through Riffaterre’s semiotic approach. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with data consisting of words, phrases, and lines from the song lyrics “Evakuasi”, obtained from the official lyrics available on Spotify. Data were collected through close reading and note-taking, while data analysis followed Riffaterre’s semiotic stages, namely indirect expression, heuristic and hermeneutic reading, determination of matrix, model, and variants, and intertextual reference through hypogram. The results show that the lyrics contain indirect expression through displacement of meaning, distortion of meaning, and creation of meaning. Heuristic reading reveals the lyric persona’s desire to withdraw from crowd and social interaction, while hermeneutic reading uncovers a deeper meaning, namely the effort to escape social pressure, public expectations, and the objectification of identity. The matrix of the text is the desire to live peacefully, which is embodied in the lyric persona as a public figure who is weary of exposure and then developed into variants that emphasize rejection of fame, validation, and social imitation. Therefore, the lyrics of “Evakuasi” represent a psychological escape as well as a search for inner peace amid the burdens of modern life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arsytasya Nur Rahmi, Muhammad Ismail Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PERTANYAAN TRADISIONAL (RIDDLES) MASYARAKAT MANDAILING DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
This research examines the structure, categories, and social functions in the traditional questions (riddles) of the community in West Pasaman Regency to find out how the text is shaped and interpreted by the community. This research includes oral literature research using qualitative methods, qualitative research is research based on words. Data collection uses several approaches, namely literature studies, field studies, and in-depth interviews. The informants of this research are three people who are indigenous people of the local community. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using the analysis of theory riddles, with several stages, namely, the classification stage, the discussion stage, and the report preparation stage. The result of this research is that the structure of riddles is divided into two, namely, oppositional riddles and non-oppositional riddles. The categories of riddles found are similarities with humans, similarities with animals, similarities with plants, similarities with inanimate objects, similarities with colors. The social function of the riddles found is to test a person's intelligence and as entertainment. These findings show that riddles are an important part as a form of documenting and preserving oral traditions in West Sumatra.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmi Hamida, Zulfadhli Zulfadhli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRUKTUR, UNSUR INTRINSIK, DAN FUNGSI SOSIAL CERITA RAKYAT DONGENG FABEL KLASIK MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU
This study aims to describe the structure, intrinsic elements, and social functions of classic fable folklore among the Minangkabau community in Kenagarian Padang Air Dingin, Sangir Jujuan District, South Solok Regency. This research applies a descriptive method within the study of oral literature. The data consist of two classic fable folktales, namely Gagak jo Kuwau and Buruang Pipik jo Buruang Anggang, collected through field observation, interviews, transcription, and transliteration. Data analysis was carried out through classification, discussion, conclusion drawing, and reporting. The findings show that the folktales are structured by orientation, complication, resolution, and coda. Their intrinsic elements include animal characterization, forward plot, settings related to the forest, village, and the era of bird kingdoms, Minangkabau language with the Padang Air Dingin dialect, themes of betrayal and leadership wisdom, and moral messages emphasizing honesty, responsibility, and justice. In terms of social function, the folktales serve as a medium of entertainment, a means of education, and a form of social protest. These findings indicate that Minangkabau classic fable folklore continues to play an important role in the transmission of cultural values and social learning within the community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zedia Fitri, Zulfadhli Zulfadhli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0